Su Guo, PhD

Professor
Director, Center for Collaborative Innovation
Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences
[email protected]
Phone: +1 415 502-4949
Fax: +1 415 502-8177
1550 Fourth Street, Rm 484D
UCSF Box 2811
San Francisco, CA 94158
United States

Links

Guo Lab UCSF Profiles

Affiliations

Education programs

Codirector, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacogenomics Graduate Program (PSPG)
Neuroscience Graduate Program

UCSF centers, institutes, and research programs

Director, Center for Collaborative Innovation, School of Pharmacy
Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research
Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience
Bakar Aging Research Institute

What I do

I am interested in how genes regulate brain development and behavior and ultimately impact neuropsychiatric disorders.

As director of the Center for Collaborative Innovation, I lead efforts to increase collaboration between clinical, translational, and discovery science in teaching and research.

Departmental research area

pharmacogenomics and genomics

My research expertise

genetics, neuroscience, neuropharmacology, developmental biology

Professional background

Degrees

PhD, Genetics & Development, Cornell University, 1996
BSc, Genetics and Genetics Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 1991

Biography

Dr. Guo has a broad background in molecular biology, genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, and is interested in the molecular genetic mechanisms that regulate brain development and function. As a graduate student at Cornell University, she employed the invertebrate model organism C. elegans, and made significant contributions to the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) as well as understanding of asymmetric cell divisions. After graduation, she became fascinated with how the brain works. As a research and postdoctoral fellow at Harvard Medical School and Genentech Inc. respectively, she carried out neurobiological studies of the development of brain neurotransmitter systems, using the vertebrate genetic model organism zebrafish. After establishing her independent research lab at the University of California, San Francisco, Dr. Guo has continued to study the molecular genetics of neural development and has expanded her research into the understanding of behavior. With her research, Dr. Guo strives to make significant contributions to our basic understanding of the brain and the mind, as well as to help treat neuropsychiatric disorders.

Research keywords

  • noradrenaline
  • regulation of camouflage
  • Stem Cells
  • serotonin
  • drug and alcohol addiction
  • parkinson's disease
  • Zebrafish
  • reward/emotion-related neural circuits and behavior
  • dopamine
  • neurodegeneration
  • Asymmetric Cell Division
  • Prosencephalon
  • Receptors, Notch
  • Ethanol
  • Zebrafish
  • Behavior, Animal
  • Dopaminergic Neurons
  • Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus
  • Avoidance Learning
  • Choice Behavior
  • Larva
  • Zebrafish Proteins
  • Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
  • Neural Stem Cells
  • Central Nervous System Depressants
1. Postdocs, specialists, and researchers celebrated in symposium
2. PharmD program creates new opportunities to explore industry and research career paths
3. UCSF School of Pharmacy leads in NIH funding for the 43rd straight year
4. Update from the Dean: Passing the torch
5. UCSF School of Pharmacy leads in NIH funding for the 42nd straight year
6. How to train an anti-racist PharmD student
7. Guo applies curiosity and collaboration to research
8. Guo research key to Nobel Prize
9. Five pharmacy women at Mission Bay
10. Joanne Whitney and the DPSL, and more news
11. Giacomini featured in Time magazine, and more news
1. Byers Award, UCSF, 2006
2. Sandler Award, UCSF, 2005
3. Science and Engineering Fellow of the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, David and Lucile Packard Foundation, 2002
4. Sandler Award, UCSF, 2002
5. Burroughs Wellcome Fund New Investigator, 2001
6. Searle Scholar, 2001
7. Finalist, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech and Science Prize for Young Scientist, Pharmacia Biotech and Science, 1998
8. Liu Memorial Award, Cornell Graduate School, 1994
9. Outstanding Student Award, Fudan University, 1991

Publications

Kim GJ, Chen M, Kwok S, Guo S. Protocol for image-based small-molecule screen to identify neuroprotective compounds for dopaminergic neurons in zebrafish. STAR Protoc. 2024 Mar 15; 5(1):102837.
Zhao X, Guo S. Methods For Visualizing Intracellular Organelles. J Vis Exp. 2023 03 03; (193).
Zhao X, Guo S. Antibody Uptake Assay for Tracking Notch/Delta Endocytosis During the Asymmetric Division of Zebrafish Radial Glia Progenitors. J Vis Exp. 2023 01 20; (191).
Wagle M, Zarei M, Lovett-Barron M, Poston KT, Xu J, Ramey V, Pollard KS, Prober DA, Schulkin J, Deisseroth K, Guo S. Correction to: Brain-wide perception of the emotional valence of light is regulated by distinct hypothalamic neurons. Mol Psychiatry. 2022 Sep; 27(9):3794.
Wagle M, Zarei M, Lovett-Barron M, Poston KT, Xu J, Ramey V, Pollard KS, Prober DA, Schulkin J, Deisseroth K, Guo S. Brain-wide perception of the emotional valence of light is regulated by distinct hypothalamic neurons. Mol Psychiatry. 2022 09; 27(9):3777-3793.
Zarei M, Xie D, Jiang F, Bagirov A, Huang B, Raj A, Nagarajan S, Guo S. High activity and high functional connectivity are mutually exclusive in resting state zebrafish and human brains. BMC Biol. 2022 04 11; 20(1):84.
Kim GJ, Mo H, Liu H, Okorie M, Chen S, Zheng J, Li H, Arkin M, Huang B, Guo S. In Vivo Dopamine Neuron Imaging-Based Small Molecule Screen Identifies Novel Neuroprotective Compounds and Targets. Front Pharmacol. 2022; 13:837756.
Kim GJ, Melgoza A, Jiang F, Guo S. The effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in zebrafish and its implications for COVID-19. Sci Rep. 2021 12 08; 11(1):23670.
Kim GJ, Mo H, Liu H, Wu Z, Chen S, Zheng J, Zhao X, Nucum D, Shortland J, Peng L, Elepano M, Tang B, Olson S, Paras N, Li H, Renslo AR, Arkin MR, Huang B, Lu B, Sirota M, Guo S. A zebrafish screen reveals Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors as neuroprotective via mitochondrial restoration in dopamine neurons. Elife. 2021 09 22; 10.
Dahlén A, Zarei M, Melgoza A, Wagle M, Guo S. THC-induced behavioral stereotypy in zebrafish as a model of psychosis-like behavior. Sci Rep. 2021 08 03; 11(1):15693.
Xu J, Casanave R, Guo S. Larval zebrafish display dynamic learning of aversive stimuli in a constant visual surrounding. Learn Mem. 2021 07; 28(7):228-238.
Zhao X, Garcia JQ, Tong K, Chen X, Yang B, Li Q, Dai Z, Shi X, Seiple IB, Huang B, Guo S. Polarized endosome dynamics engage cytoplasmic Par-3 that recruits dynein during asymmetric cell division. Sci Adv. 2021 06; 7(24).
Zhao X, Rouhiainen A, Li Z, Guo S, Rauvala H. Regulation of Neurogenesis in Mouse Brain by HMGB1. Cells. 2020 07 17; 9(7).
Y. Pi, K. Z. He, W. Q. Zhang, Z. Q. Dong, F. G. Jiang, K. J. Jiang, S. Guo. Complexity of Detecting CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Homologous Recombination in Zebrafish. Molecular Biology. 2020 May 1; 54(3):382-390.
Jiale Xu, Su Guo. Chapter 14 Molecular genetic approaches to dissect complex behaviors in zebrafish. . 2020 Jan 1; 223-244.
Dahlén A, Wagle M, Zarei M, Guo S. Heritable natural variation of light/dark preference in an outbred zebrafish population. J Neurogenet. 2019 12; 33(4):199-208.
Bruning JM, Wang Y, Oltrabella F, Tian B, Kholodar SA, Liu H, Bhattacharya P, Guo S, Holton JM, Fletterick RJ, Jacobson MP, England PM. Covalent Modification and Regulation of the Nuclear Receptor Nurr1 by a Dopamine Metabolite. Cell Chem Biol. 2019 05 16; 26(5):674-685.e6.
Lu JG, Bishop J, Cheyette S, Zhulin IB, Guo S, Sobreira N, Brenner SE. A novel PRRT2 pathogenic variant in a family with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia and benign familial infantile seizures. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2018 02; 4(1).
Adam Melgoza, Su Guo. Chapter 16 Systematic Screens in Zebrafish Shed Light on Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Complex Brain Phenotypes . Molecular-Genetic and Statistical Techniques for Behavioral and Neural Research. 2018 Jan 1; 385-400.
Wagle M, Nguyen J, Lee S, Zaitlen N, Guo S. Heritable natural variation of an anxiety-like behavior in larval zebrafish. J Neurogenet. 2017 09; 31(3):138-148.
Oltrabella F, Melgoza A, Nguyen B, Guo S. Role of the endocannabinoid system in vertebrates: Emphasis on the zebrafish model. Dev Growth Differ. 2017 May; 59(4):194-210.
Liu H, Chen S, Huang K, Kim J, Mo H, Iovine R, Gendre J, Pascal P, Li Q, Sun Y, Dong Z, Arkin M, Guo S, Huang B. A High-Content Larval Zebrafish Brain Imaging Method for Small Molecule Drug Discovery. PLoS One. 2016; 11(10):e0164645.
Yu D, Dong Z, Gustafson WC, Ruiz-González R, Signor L, Marzocca F, Borel F, Klassen MP, Makhijani K, Royant A, Jan YN, Weiss WA, Guo S, Shu X.. Rational design of a monomeric and photostable far-red fluorescent protein for fluorescence imaging in vivo. Protein Sci. 2016; 25(2):308-15.
McGorty R, Liu H, Kamiyama D, Dong Z, Guo S, Huang B. Open-top selective plane illumination microscope for conventionally mounted specimens. Opt Express. 2015 Jun 15; 23(12):16142-53.
Gehrke S, Wu Z, Klinkenberg M, Sun Y, Auburger G, Guo S, Lu B. PINK1 and Parkin control localized translation of respiratory chain component mRNAs on mitochondria outer membrane. Cell Metab. 2015 Jan 06; 21(1):95-108.
Berberoglu MA, Dong Z, Li G, Zheng J, Trejo Martinez Ldel C, Peng J, Wagle M, Reichholf B, Petritsch C, Li H, Pleasure SJ, Guo S. Heterogeneously expressed fezf2 patterns gradient Notch activity in balancing the quiescence, proliferation, and differentiation of adult neural stem cells. J Neurosci. 2014 Oct 15; 34(42):13911-23.
Liu C, Sun Y, Arnold J, Lu B, Guo S. Synergistic contribution of SMAD signaling blockade and high localized cell density in the differentiation of neuroectoderm from H9 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014 Oct 03; 452(4):895-900.
Sun Y, Dong Z, Jin T, Ang KH, Huang M, Haston KM, Peng J, Zhong TP, Finkbeiner S, Weiss WA, Arkin MR, Jan LY, Guo S. Imaging-based chemical screening reveals activity-dependent neural differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Elife. 2013 Sep 10; 2:e00508.
Dong Z, Peng J, Guo S. Stable gene silencing in zebrafish with spatiotemporally targetable RNA interference. Genetics. 2013 Apr; 193(4):1065-71.
Mahendra Wagle, Su Guo. Understanding neurotransmitter-neuropeptide regulation through neural circuits controlling innate behaviour. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. 2012 Dec 1; 30(8):686.
Yang N, Dong Z, Guo S. Fezf2 regulates multilineage neuronal differentiation through activating basic helix-loop-helix and homeodomain genes in the zebrafish ventral forebrain. J Neurosci. 2012 Aug 08; 32(32):10940-8.
Ritter DI, Dong Z, Guo S, Chuang JH. Transcriptional enhancers in protein-coding exons of vertebrate developmental genes. PLoS One. 2012; 7(5):e35202.
Sun Y, Dong Z, Khodabakhsh H, Chatterjee S, Guo S. Zebrafish chemical screening reveals the impairment of dopaminergic neuronal survival by cardiac glycosides. PLoS One. 2012; 7(4):e35645.
Dong Z, Yang N, Yeo SY, Chitnis A, Guo S. Intralineage directional Notch signaling regulates self-renewal and differentiation of asymmetrically dividing radial glia. Neuron. 2012 Apr 12; 74(1):65-78.
Guo S, Wagle M, Mathur P. Toward molecular genetic dissection of neural circuits for emotional and motivational behaviors. Dev Neurobiol. 2012 Mar; 72(3):358-65.
Yu W, Sun Y, Guo S, Lu B. The PINK1/Parkin pathway regulates mitochondrial dynamics and function in mammalian hippocampal and dopaminergic neurons. Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Aug 15; 20(16):3227-40.
Chen L, Zheng J, Yang N, Li H, Guo S. Genomic selection identifies vertebrate transcription factor Fezf2 binding sites and target genes. J Biol Chem. 2011 May 27; 286(21):18641-9.
Dong Z, Wagle M, Guo S. Time-lapse live imaging of clonally related neural progenitor cells in the developing zebrafish forebrain. J Vis Exp. 2011 Apr 06; (50).
Mathur P, Lau B, Guo S. Conditioned place preference behavior in zebrafish. Nat Protoc. 2011 Mar; 6(3):338-45.
Lau BY, Mathur P, Gould GG, Guo S. Identification of a brain center whose activity discriminates a choice behavior in zebrafish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Feb 08; 108(6):2581-6.
Mathur P, Guo S. Differences of acute versus chronic ethanol exposure on anxiety-like behavioral responses in zebrafish. Behav Brain Res. 2011 Jun 01; 219(2):234-9.
Mueller T, Dong Z, Berberoglu MA, Guo S. The dorsal pallium in zebrafish, Danio rerio (Cyprinidae, Teleostei). Brain Res. 2011 Mar 24; 1381:95-105.
Wagle M, Mathur P, Guo S. Corticotropin-releasing factor critical for zebrafish camouflage behavior is regulated by light and sensitive to ethanol. J Neurosci. 2011 Jan 05; 31(1):214-24.
Mathur P, Berberoglu MA, Guo S. Preference for ethanol in zebrafish following a single exposure. Behav Brain Res. 2011 Feb 02; 217(1):128-33.
Ritter DI, Li Q, Kostka D, Pollard KS, Guo S, Chuang JH. The importance of being cis: evolution of orthologous fish and mammalian enhancer activity. Mol Biol Evol. 2010 Oct; 27(10):2322-32.
Mathur P, Guo S. Use of zebrafish as a model to understand mechanisms of addiction and complex neurobehavioral phenotypes. Neurobiol Dis. 2010 Oct; 40(1):66-72.
Su Guo, Jisong Peng, Mahendra Wagle, Thomas Müller, Priya Mathur. Camouflage response in zebrafish: A model for genetic dissection of molecular and cellular circuitries underlying alcoholism. Communicative & Integrative Biology. 2009 Nov 1; 2(6):512-514.
Li Q, Ritter D, Yang N, Dong Z, Li H, Chuang JH, Guo S. A systematic approach to identify functional motifs within vertebrate developmental enhancers. Dev Biol. 2010 Jan 15; 337(2):484-95.
Mueller T, Guo S. The distribution of GAD67-mRNA in the adult zebrafish (teleost) forebrain reveals a prosomeric pattern and suggests previously unidentified homologies to tetrapods. J Comp Neurol. 2009 Oct 20; 516(6):553-68.
Kroetz DL, Ahituv N, Burchard EG, Guo S, Sali A, Giacomini KM. Institutional Profile: The University of California Pharmacogenomics Center: at the interface of genomics, biological mechanisms and drug therapy. Pharmacogenomics. 2009 Oct; 10(10):1569-76.
Chen H, Contreras X, Yamaguchi Y, Handa H, Peterlin BM, Guo S. Repression of RNA polymerase II elongation in vivo is critically dependent on the C-terminus of Spt5. PLoS One. 2009 Sep 09; 4(9):e6918.
Peng J, Wagle M, Mueller T, Mathur P, Lockwood BL, Bretaud S, Guo S. Ethanol-modulated camouflage response screen in zebrafish uncovers a novel role for cAMP and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling in behavioral sensitivity to ethanol. J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 01; 29(26):8408-18.
Guo S. Using zebrafish to assess the impact of drugs on neural development and function. Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2009 Jul 01; 4(7):715-726.
Berberoglu MA, Dong Z, Mueller T, Guo S. fezf2 expression delineates cells with proliferative potential and expressing markers of neural stem cells in the adult zebrafish brain. Gene Expr Patterns. 2009 Sep; 9(6):411-22.
Barboric M, Lenasi T, Chen H, Johansen EB, Guo S, Peterlin BM. 7SK snRNP/P-TEFb couples transcription elongation with alternative splicing and is essential for vertebrate development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 May 12; 106(19):7798-803.
Guo, S., Peng, J., Wagle, M., Mueller, T. and Mathur, P. Communicative & Integrative Biology . Camouflage response in zebrafish: A model for genetic dissection of molecular and cellular circuitries underlying Alcoholism . 2009; 2(6):512-514.
Krishnan K, Salomonis N, Guo S. Identification of Spt5 target genes in zebrafish development reveals its dual activity in vivo. PLoS One. 2008; 3(11):e3621.
Persampieri J, Ritter DI, Lees D, Lehoczky J, Li Q, Guo S, Chuang JH. cneViewer: a database of conserved non-coding elements for studies of tissue-specific gene regulation. Bioinformatics. 2008 Oct 15; 24(20):2418-9.
Mueller T, Wullimann MF, Guo S. Early teleostean basal ganglia development visualized by zebrafish Dlx2a, Lhx6, Lhx7, Tbr2 (eomesa), and GAD67 gene expression. J Comp Neurol. 2008 Mar 10; 507(2):1245-57.
Su Guo. Animal Models for Anxiety Disorders. Biomarkers for Psychiatric Disorders. 2008 Jan 1; 203-216.
Guo, S. Biomarkers for Psychiatric Disorders. Animal models for anxiety disorders. 2008; New York, NY.
Su Guo. Chapter 23 Insights from Zebrafish PD Models and Their Potentials for Identifying Novel Drug Targets and Therapeutic Compounds. Parkinson\u0027s Disease. 2008 Jan 1; 309-319.
Guo, S. Parkinson’s Disease: Pathogenic and Therapeutic Insights from Toxin and Genetic Models. Insights from zebrafish PD models, and their potential for identifying novel drug targets and therapeutic compounds. 2008.
Bretaud S, Li Q, Lockwood BL, Kobayashi K, Lin E, Guo S. A choice behavior for morphine reveals experience-dependent drug preference and underlying neural substrates in developing larval zebrafish. Neuroscience. 2007 May 25; 146(3):1109-16.
Jeong JY, Einhorn Z, Mathur P, Chen L, Lee S, Kawakami K, Guo S. Patterning the zebrafish diencephalon by the conserved zinc-finger protein Fezl. Development. 2007 Jan; 134(1):127-36.
Wang X, Yang N, Uno E, Roeder RG, Guo S. A subunit of the mediator complex regulates vertebrate neuronal development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Nov 14; 103(46):17284-9.
Lau B, Bretaud S, Huang Y, Lin E, Guo S. Dissociation of food and opiate preference by a genetic mutation in zebrafish. Genes Brain Behav. 2006 Oct; 5(7):497-505.
Jeong JY, Einhorn Z, Mercurio S, Lee S, Lau B, Mione M, Wilson SW, Guo S. Neurogenin1 is a determinant of zebrafish basal forebrain dopaminergic neurons and is regulated by the conserved zinc finger protein Tof/Fezl. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 28; 103(13):5143-8.
Giacomini NJ, Rose B, Kobayashi K, Guo S. Antipsychotics produce locomotor impairment in larval zebrafish. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2006 Mar-Apr; 28(2):245-50.
Bretaud S, Lee S, Guo S. Sensitivity of zebrafish to environmental toxins implicated in Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2004 Nov-Dec; 26(6):857-64.
Gao LY, Guo S, McLaughlin B, Morisaki H, Engel JN, Brown EJ. A mycobacterial virulence gene cluster extending RD1 is required for cytolysis, bacterial spreading and ESAT-6 secretion. Mol Microbiol. 2004 Sep; 53(6):1677-93.
Guo S. Linking genes to brain, behavior and neurological diseases: what can we learn from zebrafish? Genes Brain Behav. 2004 Apr; 3(2):63-74.
Lockwood B, Bjerke S, Kobayashi K, Guo S. Acute effects of alcohol on larval zebrafish: a genetic system for large-scale screening. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004 Mar; 77(3):647-54.
Rink E, Guo S. The too few mutant selectively affects subgroups of monoaminergic neurons in the zebrafish forebrain. Neuroscience. 2004; 127(1):147-54.
Lee SA, Shen EL, Fiser A, Sali A, Guo S. The zebrafish forkhead transcription factor Foxi1 specifies epibranchial placode-derived sensory neurons. Development. 2003 Jun; 130(12):2669-79.
Seo H, Hong SJ, Guo S, Kim HS, Kim CH, Hwang DY, Isacson O, Rosenthal A, Kim KS. A direct role of the homeodomain proteins Phox2a/2b in noradrenaline neurotransmitter identity determination. J Neurochem. 2002 Mar; 80(5):905-16.
Gerlai R, Lahav M, Guo S, Rosenthal A. Drinks like a fish: zebra fish (Danio rerio) as a behavior genetic model to study alcohol effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2000 Dec; 67(4):773-82.
Guo S, Yamaguchi Y, Schilbach S, Wada T, Lee J, Goddard A, French D, Handa H, Rosenthal A. A regulator of transcriptional elongation controls vertebrate neuronal development. Nature. 2000 Nov 16; 408(6810):366-9.
Guo S, Brush J, Teraoka H, Goddard A, Wilson SW, Mullins MC, Rosenthal A. Development of noradrenergic neurons in the zebrafish hindbrain requires BMP, FGF8, and the homeodomain protein soulless/Phox2a. Neuron. 1999 Nov; 24(3):555-66.
Guo S, Wilson SW, Cooke S, Chitnis AB, Driever W, Rosenthal A. Mutations in the zebrafish unmask shared regulatory pathways controlling the development of catecholaminergic neurons. Dev Biol. 1999 Apr 15; 208(2):473-87.
Su Guo, Wolfgang Driever, Arnon Rosenthal. Chapter 2.1.8 Mutagenesis in zebra fish: studying the brain dopamine systems. Handbook of Molecular-Genetic Techniques for Brain and Behavior Research. 1999 Jan 1; 13:166-176.
Guo, S., W. Driever, and A. Rosenthal . Handbook of Molecular Genetic Techniques for Brain and Behavior Research. Mutagenesis in zebrafish: studying the brain dopamine systems. 1999.
Boyd L, Guo S, Levitan D, Stinchcomb DT, Kemphues KJ. PAR-2 is asymmetrically distributed and promotes association of P granules and PAR-1 with the cortex in C. elegans embryos. Development. 1996 Oct; 122(10):3075-84.
Watts JL, Etemad-Moghadam B, Guo S, Boyd L, Draper BW, Mello CC, Priess JR, Kemphues KJ. par-6, a gene involved in the establishment of asymmetry in early C. elegans embryos, mediates the asymmetric localization of PAR-3. Development. 1996 Oct; 122(10):3133-40.
Guo S, Kemphues KJ. A non-muscle myosin required for embryonic polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 1996 Aug 01; 382(6590):455-8.
Guo S, Kemphues KJ. Molecular genetics of asymmetric cleavage in the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1996 Aug; 6(4):408-15.
Etemad-Moghadam B, Guo S, Kemphues KJ. Asymmetrically distributed PAR-3 protein contributes to cell polarity and spindle alignment in early C. elegans embryos. Cell. 1995 Dec 01; 83(5):743-52.
Guo S, Kemphues KJ. par-1, a gene required for establishing polarity in C. elegans embryos, encodes a putative Ser/Thr kinase that is asymmetrically distributed. Cell. 1995 May 19; 81(4):611-20.