Lei Wang, PhD

Professor
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Wang
[email protected]
Phone: +1 415 502-3383
Fax: +1 415 502-4690
555 Mission Bay Blvd South, Rm 452X
UCSF Box 3122
San Francisco, CA 94158
United States

Links

Wang Lab UCSF Profiles

What I do

I am interested in building proteins in living cells using new amino acids. By designing novel properties into the new amino acids, my lab probes biological processes in their native settings and engineer unique biomolecules to understand disease mechanisms and to develop new protein drugs.

Departmental research area

chemical biology and medicinal chemistry
protein and cellular engineering

My research expertise

unnatural amino acids, expansion of the genetic code, Protein engineering, protein drugs

Professional background

Degrees

PhD, University of California, Berkeley, 2002
MSc, Physical Chemistry, Peking University, 1997
Bachelor of Science, Organic Chemistry, Peking University, 1994

Biography

Lei Wang received BS and MS from Peking University mentored by Zhongfan Liu, and PhD from UC Berkeley mentored by Peter G. Schultz. His graduate research resulted in the first expansion of the genetic code to include unnatural amino acids (Uaas) in 2001, for which he was awarded the Young Scientist Award by the journal Science. After postdoctoral training with Roger Y. Tsien, Wang started his group at the Salk Institute in 2005, and moved to UCSF in 2014. Wang’s group has developed new methods for the expansion of the genetic code in a variety of cells and model organisms, including mammalian cells, stem cells, C. elegans, and recently embryonic mouse. His group discovered that release factor one (RF1) is nonessential in E. coli, and engineered autonomous bacteria capable of incorporating Uaas at multiple sites with high efficiency. By developing the concept of proximity-enabled bioreactivity, Wang’s group designed and demonstrated that a new class of Uaas, the bioreactive Uaas, can be genetically encoded in live systems. These bioreactive Uaas enable novel covalent bonding abilities to be specifically introduced into proteins and biosystems, opening the door for new protein engineering and biological research in vivo. Wang is a 2006 Beckman Young Investigator, a 2006 Searle Scholar, a 2008 National Institutes of Health Director’s New Innovator Award recipient, and the 2021 Emil Thomas Kaiser Award recipient of the Protein Society.

Research keywords

  • unnatural amino acid
  • Protein engineering
  • Expansion of the genetic code
  • biotherapeutics
  • Signal Transduction
  • E. coli
  • RNA, Transfer
  • Amino Acids
  • Optogenetics
  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • Luminescent Proteins
  • Tyrosine
  • Protein engineering
  • Phenylalanine
  • Genetic Code
  • Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases
  • proteins
  • Indolequinones
  • Lysine
  • Cross-Linking Reagents
1. Update from the Dean: Excellence amidst change
2. 2020 Mary Anne Koda-Kimble Seed Award for Innovation fuels vital research across the School
3. UCSF School of Pharmacy leads in NIH funding for 38th year
4. Grants & fellowships: summer 2017
5. Update from the Dean - Spring/Summer 2015
6. Reception welcomes four faculty members to department
7. Most recent School of Pharmacy primary faculty hires, by department
1. NIH Director's WALS Lecture, NIH, 2024
2. Emil Thomas Kaiser Award, The Protein Society, 2021
3. New Faculty Award, California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 2008
4. Basil O’Connor Starter Scholar, March of Dimes, 2008
5. NIH Director’s New Innovator Award, National Institutes of Health, 2008
6. Career Development Award, Ray Thomas Edwards Foundation, 2007
7. Beckman Young Investigator, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation, 2006
8. Searle Scholar, Searle Scholars Program, 2006
9. Top Young Innovator, MIT Technology Review, 2004
10. San Diego BioPharma Award, Sino-American Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Professional Association and American Chemical Society, 2004
11. Merck Fellow, Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation, 2003-2005
12. Young Scientist Award, Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 2003
13. Collegiate Inventor, US National Inventors Hall of Fame, 2002

Publications

Cao L, Yu B, Klauser P, Zhang P, Li S, Wang L. Arginine Accelerates Sulfur Fluoride Exchange and Phosphorus Fluoride Exchange Reactions between Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2024 Aug 07; e202412843.
Cao L, Wang L. Biospecific Chemistry for Covalent Linking of Biomacromolecules. Chem Rev. 2024 Jul 10; 124(13):8516-8549.
Cao L, Yu B, Li S, Zhang P, Li Q, Wang L. Genetically Enabling Phosphorus Fluoride Exchange Click Chemistry in Proteins. Chem. 2024 Jun 13; 10(6):1868-1884.
Yu B, Cao L, Li S, Klauser PC, Wang L. The proximity-enabled sulfur fluoride exchange reaction in the protein context. Chem Sci. 2023 Jul 26; 14(29):7913-7921.
Klauser PC, Chopra S, Cao L, Bobba KN, Yu B, Seo Y, Chan E, Flavell RR, Evans MJ, Wang L. Covalent Proteins as Targeted Radionuclide Therapies Enhance Antitumor Effects. ACS Cent Sci. 2023 Jun 28; 9(6):1241-1251.
Liu J, Yang B, Wang L. Residue selective crosslinking of proteins through photoactivatable or proximity-enabled reactivity. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 06; 74:102285.
Li S, Wang N, Yu B, Sun W, Wang L. Genetically encoded chemical crosslinking of carbohydrate. Nat Chem. 2023 01; 15(1):33-42.
Sun W, Wang N, Liu H, Yu B, Jin L, Ren X, Shen Y, Wang L. Genetically encoded chemical crosslinking of RNA in vivo. Nat Chem. 2023 01; 15(1):21-32.
Yu B, Li S, Tabata T, Wang N, Cao L, Kumar GR, Sun W, Liu J, Ott M, Wang L. Accelerating PERx reaction enables covalent nanobodies for potent neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 and variants. Chem. 2022 Oct 13; 8(10):2766-2783.
Klauser PC, Berdan VY, Cao L, Wang L. Encoding latent SuFEx reactive meta-fluorosulfate tyrosine to expand covalent bonding of proteins. Chem Commun (Camb). 2022 Jun 14; 58(48):6861-6864.
Yu B, Li S, Tabata T, Wang N, Kumar GR, Liu J, Ott MM, Wang L. Accelerating PERx Reaction Enables Covalent Nanobodies for Potent Neutralization of SARS-Cov-2 and Variants. bioRxiv. 2022 Mar 14.
Wang N, Wang L. Genetically encoding latent bioreactive amino acids and the development of covalent protein drugs. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2022 02; 66:102106.
Cao L, Wang L. New covalent bonding ability for proteins. Protein Sci. 2022 02; 31(2):312-322.
Liu J, Cao L, Klauser PC, Cheng R, Berdan VY, Sun W, Wang N, Ghelichkhani F, Yu B, Rozovsky S, Wang L. A Genetically Encoded Fluorosulfonyloxybenzoyl-l-lysine for Expansive Covalent Bonding of Proteins via SuFEx Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc. 2021 07 14; 143(27):10341-10351.
Cao L, Liu J, Ghelichkhani F, Rozovsky S, Wang L. Genetic Incorporation of ϵ-N-Benzoyllysine by Engineering Methanomethylophilus alvus Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase. Chembiochem. 2021 Aug 03; 22(15):2530-2534.
Berdan VY, Klauser PC, Wang L. Covalent peptides and proteins for therapeutics. Bioorg Med Chem. 2021 01 01; 29:115896.
Zhou XX, Bracken CJ, Zhang K, Zhou J, Mou Y, Wang L, Cheng Y, Leung KK, Wells JA. Targeting Phosphotyrosine in Native Proteins with Conditional, Bispecific Antibody Traps. J Am Chem Soc. 2020 10 14; 142(41):17703-17713.
Liu J, Cheng R, Van Eps N, Wang N, Morizumi T, Ou WL, Klauser PC, Rozovsky S, Ernst OP, Wang L. Genetically Encoded Quinone Methides Enabling Rapid, Site-Specific, and Photocontrolled Protein Modification with Amine Reagents. J Am Chem Soc. 2020 10 07; 142(40):17057-17068.
Li S, Yang B, Kobayashi T, Yu B, Liu J, Wang L. Genetically encoding thyronine for fluorescent detection of peroxynitrite. Bioorg Med Chem. 2020 09 15; 28(18):115665.
Li Q, Chen Q, Klauser PC, Li M, Zheng F, Wang N, Li X, Zhang Q, Fu X, Wang Q, Xu Y, Wang L. Developing Covalent Protein Drugs via Proximity-Enabled Reactive Therapeutics. Cell. 2020 07 09; 182(1):85-97.e16.
Wang N, Wang L. Acid-brightening fluorescent protein (abFP) for imaging acidic vesicles and organelles. Methods Enzymol. 2020; 639:167-189.
Vuong W, Mosquera-Guagua F, Sanichar R, McDonald TR, Ernst OP, Wang L, Vederas JC. Synthesis of Chiral Spin-Labeled Amino Acids. Org Lett. 2019 12 20; 21(24):10149-10153.
Liu J, Cai L, Sun W, Cheng R, Wang N, Jin L, Rozovsky S, Seiple IB, Wang L. Photocaged Quinone Methide Crosslinkers for Light-Controlled Chemical Crosslinking of Protein-Protein and Protein-DNA Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2019 12 19; 58(52):18839-18843.
Liu J, Li S, Aslam NA, Zheng F, Yang B, Cheng R, Wang N, Rozovsky S, Wang PG, Wang Q, Wang L. Genetically Encoding Photocaged Quinone Methide to Multitarget Protein Residues Covalently in Vivo. J Am Chem Soc. 2019 06 19; 141(24):9458-9462.
Yang B, Wang N, Schnier PD, Zheng F, Zhu H, Polizzi NF, Ittuveetil A, Saikam V, DeGrado WF, Wang Q, Wang PG, Wang L. Genetically Introducing Biochemically Reactive Amino Acids Dehydroalanine and Dehydrobutyrine in Proteins. J Am Chem Soc. 2019 05 15; 141(19):7698-7703.
Hoppmann C, Wang L. Genetically encoding photoswitchable click amino acids for general optical control of conformation and function of proteins. Methods Enzymol. 2019; 624:249-264.
Yang B, Wu H, Schnier PD, Liu Y, Liu J, Wang N, DeGrado WF, Wang L. Proximity-enhanced SuFEx chemical cross-linker for specific and multitargeting cross-linking mass spectrometry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 10 30; 115(44):11162-11167.
Liu J, Cheng R, Wu H, Li S, Wang PG, DeGrado WF, Rozovsky S, Wang L. Building and Breaking Bonds via a Compact S-Propargyl-Cysteine to Chemically Control Enzymes and Modify Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2018 09 24; 57(39):12702-12706.
Fu C, Kobayashi T, Wang N, Hoppmann C, Yang B, Irannejad R, Wang L. Genetically Encoding Quinoline Reverses Chromophore Charge and Enables Fluorescent Protein Brightening in Acidic Vesicles. J Am Chem Soc. 2018 09 05; 140(35):11058-11066.
Liu J, Zheng F, Cheng R, Li S, Rozovsky S, Wang Q, Wang L. Site-Specific Incorporation of Selenocysteine Using an Expanded Genetic Code and Palladium-Mediated Chemical Deprotection. J Am Chem Soc. 2018 07 18; 140(28):8807-8816.
Wang N, Yang B, Fu C, Zhu H, Zheng F, Kobayashi T, Liu J, Li S, Ma C, Wang PG, Wang Q, Wang L. Genetically Encoding Fluorosulfate-l-tyrosine To React with Lysine, Histidine, and Tyrosine via SuFEx in Proteins in Vivo. J Am Chem Soc. 2018 04 18; 140(15):4995-4999.
Kang JY, Kawaguchi D, Wang L. Genetically Encoding Unnatural Amino Acids in Neurons In Vitro and in the Embryonic Mouse Brain for Optical Control of Neuronal Proteins. Methods Mol Biol. 2018; 1728:263-277.
Yang B, Tang S, Ma C, Li ST, Shao GC, Dang B, DeGrado WF, Dong MQ, Wang PG, Ding S, Wang L. Spontaneous and specific chemical cross-linking in live cells to capture and identify protein interactions. Nat Commun. 2017 12 21; 8(1):2240.
Wang L. Engineering the Genetic Code in Cells and Animals: Biological Considerations and Impacts. Acc Chem Res. 2017 11 21; 50(11):2767-2775.
Hoppmann C, Wong A, Yang B, Li S, Hunter T, Shokat KM, Wang L. Site-specific incorporation of phosphotyrosine using an expanded genetic code. Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Aug; 13(8):842-844.
Klippenstein V, Hoppmann C, Ye S, Wang L, Paoletti P. Optocontrol of glutamate receptor activity by single side-chain photoisomerization. Elife. 2017 05 23; 6.
Chen Y, Ma J, Lu W, Tian M, Thauvin M, Yuan C, Volovitch M, Wang Q, Holst J, Liu M, Vriz S, Ye S, Wang L, Li D. Heritable expansion of the genetic code in mouse and zebrafish. Cell Res. 2017 02; 27(2):294-297.
Kobayashi T, Hoppmann C, Yang B, Wang L. Using Protein-Confined Proximity To Determine Chemical Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc. 2016 11 16; 138(45):14832-14835.
Pentelute BL, Wang L. Editorial overview: Chemistry for biopolymers to investigate and even move beyond nature. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2016 10; 34:v-vi.
Wang L. Genetically encoding new bioreactivity. N Biotechnol. 2017 Sep 25; 38(Pt A):16-25.
Ren H, Yang B, Ma C, Hu YS, Wang PG, Wang L. Cysteine Sulfoxidation Increases the Photostability of Red Fluorescent Proteins. ACS Chem Biol. 2016 10 21; 11(10):2679-2684.
Alamudi SH, Satapathy R, Kim J, Su D, Ren H, Das R, Hu L, Alvarado-Martínez E, Lee JY, Hoppmann C, Peña-Cabrera E, Ha HH, Park HS, Wang L, Chang YT. Development of background-free tame fluorescent probes for intracellular live cell imaging. Nat Commun. 2016 06 20; 7:11964.
Kang JY, Kawaguchi D, Wang L. Optical Control of a Neuronal Protein Using a Genetically Encoded Unnatural Amino Acid in Neurons. J Vis Exp. 2016 Mar 28; (109):e53818.
Hoppmann C, Wang L. Proximity-enabled bioreactivity to generate covalent peptide inhibitors of p53-Mdm4. Chem Commun (Camb). 2016 Apr 14; 52(29):5140-3.
Hoppmann C, Maslennikov I, Choe S, Wang L. In Situ Formation of an Azo Bridge on Proteins Controllable by Visible Light. J Am Chem Soc. 2015 Sep 09; 137(35):11218-21.
Li YC, Rodewald LW, Hoppmann C, Wong ET, Lebreton S, Safar P, Patek M, Wang L, Wertman KF, Wahl GM. A versatile platform to analyze low-affinity and transient protein-protein interactions in living cells in real time. Cell Rep. 2014 Dec 11; 9(5):1946-1958.
Chen XH, Xiang Z, Hu YS, Lacey VK, Cang H, Wang L. Genetically encoding an electrophilic amino acid for protein stapling and covalent binding to native receptors. ACS Chem Biol. 2014 Sep 19; 9(9):1956-61.
Wang Q, Sun T, Xu J, Shen Z, Briggs SP, Zhou D, Wang L. Response and adaptation of Escherichia coli to suppression of the amber stop codon. Chembiochem. 2014 Aug 18; 15(12):1744-9.
Hoppmann C, Lacey VK, Louie GV, Wei J, Noel JP, Wang L. Genetically encoding photoswitchable click amino acids in Escherichia coli and mammalian cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2014 Apr 07; 53(15):3932-6.
Xiang Z, Lacey VK, Ren H, Xu J, Burban DJ, Jennings PA, Wang L. Proximity-enabled protein crosslinking through genetically encoding haloalkane unnatural amino acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2014 Feb 17; 53(8):2190-3.
Coin I, Katritch V, Sun T, Xiang Z, Siu FY, Beyermann M, Stevens RC, Wang L. Genetically encoded chemical probes in cells reveal the binding path of urocortin-I to CRF class B GPCR. Cell. 2013 Dec 05; 155(6):1258-69.
Kang JY, Kawaguchi D, Coin I, Xiang Z, O'Leary DD, Slesinger PA, Wang L. In vivo expression of a light-activatable potassium channel using unnatural amino acids. Neuron. 2013 Oct 16; 80(2):358-70.
Lacey VK, Louie GV, Noel JP, Wang L. Expanding the library and substrate diversity of the pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase to incorporate unnatural amino acids containing conjugated rings. Chembiochem. 2013 Nov 04; 14(16):2100-5.
Xiang Z, Ren H, Hu YS, Coin I, Wei J, Cang H, Wang L. Adding an unnatural covalent bond to proteins through proximity-enhanced bioreactivity. Nat Methods. 2013 Sep; 10(9):885-8.
Jagadish K, Borra R, Lacey V, Majumder S, Shekhtman A, Wang L, Camarero JA. Expression of fluorescent cyclotides using protein trans-splicing for easy monitoring of cyclotide-protein interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2013 Mar 11; 52(11):3126-31.
Johnson DB, Wang C, Xu J, Schultz MD, Schmitz RJ, Ecker JR, Wang L. Release factor one is nonessential in Escherichia coli. ACS Chem Biol. 2012 Aug 17; 7(8):1337-44.
Parrish AR, She X, Xiang Z, Coin I, Shen Z, Briggs SP, Dillin A, Wang L. Expanding the genetic code of Caenorhabditis elegans using bacterial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs. ACS Chem Biol. 2012 Jul 20; 7(7):1292-302.
Wang Q, Wang L. Genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins in yeast. Methods Mol Biol. 2012; 794:199-213.
Johnson DB, Xu J, Shen Z, Takimoto JK, Schultz MD, Schmitz RJ, Xiang Z, Ecker JR, Briggs SP, Wang L. RF1 knockout allows ribosomal incorporation of unnatural amino acids at multiple sites. Nat Chem Biol. 2011 Sep 18; 7(11):779-86.
Shen B, Xiang Z, Miller B, Louie G, Wang W, Noel JP, Gage FH, Wang L. Genetically encoding unnatural amino acids in neural stem cells and optically reporting voltage-sensitive domain changes in differentiated neurons. Stem Cells. 2011 Aug; 29(8):1231-40.
Lacey VK, Parrish AR, Han S, Shen Z, Briggs SP, Ma Y, Wang L. A fluorescent reporter of the phosphorylation status of the substrate protein STAT3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Sep 05; 50(37):8692-6.
Coin I, Perrin MH, Vale WW, Wang L. Photo-cross-linkers incorporated into G-protein-coupled receptors in mammalian cells: a ligand comparison. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Aug 22; 50(35):8077-81.
Xiang Z, Wang L. Enantiospecific synthesis of genetically encodable fluorescent unnatural amino acid L-3-(6-acetylnaphthalen-2-ylamino)-2-aminopropanoic acid. J Org Chem. 2011 Aug 05; 76(15):6367-71.
Takimoto JK, Dellas N, Noel JP, Wang L. Stereochemical basis for engineered pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase and the efficient in vivo incorporation of structurally divergent non-native amino acids. ACS Chem Biol. 2011 Jul 15; 6(7):733-43.
Parrish AR, Wang L. Genetic Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acids into Proteins. Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry II Chemistry and Biology. 2010; 5:587-617.
Takimoto JK, Xiang Z, Kang JY, Wang L. Esterification of an unnatural amino acid structurally deviating from canonical amino acids promotes its uptake and incorporation into proteins in mammalian cells. Chembiochem. 2010 Nov 02; 11(16):2268-72.
Johnson DB, Wang L. Imprints of the genetic code in the ribosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 May 04; 107(18):8298-303.
Majmudar CY, Lee LW, Lancia JK, Nwokoye A, Wang Q, Wands AM, Wang L, Mapp AK. Impact of nonnatural amino acid mutagenesis on the in vivo function and binding modes of a transcriptional activator. J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Oct 14; 131(40):14240-2.
Takimoto JK, Adams KL, Xiang Z, Wang L. Improving orthogonal tRNA-synthetase recognition for efficient unnatural amino acid incorporation and application in mammalian cells. Mol Biosyst. 2009 Sep; 5(9):931-4.
Wang Q, Parrish AR, Wang L. Expanding the genetic code for biological studies. Chem Biol. 2009 Mar 27; 16(3):323-36.
Shu X, Wang L, Colip L, Kallio K, Remington SJ. Unique interactions between the chromophore and glutamate 16 lead to far-red emission in a red fluorescent protein. Protein Sci. 2009 Feb; 18(2):460-6.
Lin MZ, Wang L. Selective labeling of proteins with chemical probes in living cells. Physiology (Bethesda). 2008 Jun; 23:131-41.
Johnson DBF, Takimoto JK, Xu J, Wang L. Unnatural Amino Acids to Investigate Biological Processes. Wiley Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology. 2008; 10.1002/9780470048672.wecb585.
Wang Q, Wang L. New methods enabling efficient incorporation of unnatural amino acids in yeast. J Am Chem Soc. 2008 May 14; 130(19):6066-7.
Wang W, Takimoto JK, Louie GV, Baiga TJ, Noel JP, Lee KF, Slesinger PA, Wang L. Genetically encoding unnatural amino acids for cellular and neuronal studies. Nat Neurosci. 2007 Aug; 10(8):1063-72.
Parrish AR, Wang W, Wang L. Manipulating proteins for neuroscience. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2006 Oct; 16(5):585-92.
Wang L, Tsien RY. Evolving proteins in mammalian cells using somatic hypermutation. Nat Protoc. 2006; 1(3):1346-50.
Wang L, Xie J, Schultz PG. Expanding the genetic code. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 2006; 35:225-49.
Zhang Y, Wang L, Schultz PG, Wilson IA. Crystal structures of apo wild-type M. jannaschii tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) and an engineered TyrRS specific for O-methyl-L-tyrosine. Protein Sci. 2005 May; 14(5):1340-9.
Wang L, Schultz PG. Expanding the genetic code. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2004 Dec 17; 44(1):34-66.
Wang L, Jackson WC, Steinbach PA, Tsien RY. Evolution of new nonantibody proteins via iterative somatic hypermutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 30; 101(48):16745-9.
Xie J, Wang L, Wu N, Brock A, Spraggon G, Schultz PG. The site-specific incorporation of p-iodo-L-phenylalanine into proteins for structure determination. Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Oct; 22(10):1297-301.
Wang L. Amersham Prize winner. Expanding the genetic code. Science. 2003 Oct 24; 302(5645):584-5.
Zhang Z, Smith BA, Wang L, Brock A, Cho C, Schultz PG. A new strategy for the site-specific modification of proteins in vivo. Biochemistry. 2003 Jun 10; 42(22):6735-46.
Liu H, Wang L, Brock A, Wong CH, Schultz PG. A method for the generation of glycoprotein mimetics. J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Feb 19; 125(7):1702-3.
Mehl RA, Anderson JC, Santoro SW, Wang L, Martin AB, King DS, Horn DM, Schultz PG. Generation of a bacterium with a 21 amino acid genetic code. J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Jan 29; 125(4):935-9.
Wang L, Xie J, Deniz AA, Schultz PG. Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis of green fluorescent protein. J Org Chem. 2003 Jan 10; 68(1):174-6.
Wang L, Zhang Z, Brock A, Schultz PG. Addition of the keto functional group to the genetic code of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 07; 100(1):56-61.
Santoro SW, Wang L, Herberich B, King DS, Schultz PG. An efficient system for the evolution of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase specificity. Nat Biotechnol. 2002 Oct; 20(10):1044-8.
Chin JW, Santoro SW, Martin AB, King DS, Wang L, Schultz PG. Addition of p-azido-L-phenylalanine to the genetic code of Escherichia coli. J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Aug 07; 124(31):9026-7.
Zhang Z, Wang L, Brock A, Schultz PG. The selective incorporation of alkenes into proteins in Escherichia coli. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2002 Aug 02; 41(15):2840-2.
Chin JW, Martin AB, King DS, Wang L, Schultz PG. Addition of a photocrosslinking amino acid to the genetic code of Escherichiacoli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Aug 20; 99(17):11020-4.
Wang L, Brock A, Schultz PG. Adding L-3-(2-Naphthyl)alanine to the genetic code of E. coli. J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Mar 06; 124(9):1836-7.
Wang L, Schultz PG. Expanding the genetic code. Chem Commun (Camb). 2002 Jan 07; (1):1-11.
Wang L, Schultz PG. A general approach for the generation of orthogonal tRNAs. Chem Biol. 2001 Sep; 8(9):883-90.
Wang L, Brock A, Herberich B, Schultz PG. Expanding the genetic code of Escherichia coli. Science. 2001 Apr 20; 292(5516):498-500.
Wang L, Magliery TJ, Liu DR, Schultz PG. A New Functional Suppressor tRNA/Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Pair for the in vivo Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acids into Proteins. J Am Chem Soc. 2000; 122(20):5010-5011.
Holt ND, Hetherington K, Brady S, Dark JH, McComb JM. Electrophysiological properties of the recipient atrial remnant after human orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Europace. 1999 Jul; 1(3):187-91.
Chen Y, Wang L, He HX, Liu ZF. Developing High Resolution Electrical Probing System Based on Atomic Force Microscopy. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals. 1997; 294(1):91-94.
Song JQ, Li CZ, He HX, Chen Y, Wang L, Liu ZF. Fabrication of Gold Nanostructures on Graphite Using Atomic Force Microscope. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals. 1997; 294(1):51-54.
He HX, Li CZ, Song JQ, Mu T, Wang L, Zhang HL, Liu ZF. Force Titration of a Carboxylic Acid Terminated Self-Assemble Monolayer Using Chemical Force Microscopy. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals. 1997; 294(1):99-102.
Zhu B, Zhang P, Wang L, Liu Z. NOTE J Colloid Interface Sci. 1997 Jan 15; 185(2):551-3.