Conan MacDougall, PharmD, MAS

Associate Dean of Integrated Core Curriculum
Professor
Department of Clinical Pharmacy
MacDougall
Chip Dizard
[email protected]
Phone: +1 415 502-9573
513 Parnassus Avenue, MSB, Rm 924C
UCSF Box 0622
San Francisco, CA 94143
United States

Links

UCSF Profiles

Affiliations

Education programs

PharmD Degree Program

UCSF centers, institutes, and research programs

Consult Service Provider, Infectious Diseases Consult Service, UCSF Medical Center
UCSF Infectious Diseases Management Program

What I do

I oversee the PharmD program’s organizational units, didactic and experiential instruction, and assessments and help manage curriculum development, faculty workload, and accreditation compliance.

As a faculty member in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, I teach health professions trainees and practitioners about how to best use antibiotics, and I consult in the care of patients with complex infections. I study how clinicians and hospitals use antibiotics as well as the effectiveness of instructional strategies for infectious diseases education.

Departmental research area

clinical research
education research

My research expertise

epidemiology, pharmacy practice, pharmacoepidemiology, antimicrobial use and resistance, infections in immunocompromised hosts, instructional strategies

Clinical expertise

antibiotic management, Infectious diseases

Professional background

Degrees

MAS, Clinical Research, University of California, San Francisco, 2008
PharmD, University of California, San Francisco, 2002
BS, Chemistry, University of California, Davis, 1998

Licensure and certifications

Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy Specialist, Board Certified (BCIDP), 2018
Registered Pharmacist, Virginia State Board of Pharmacy, 2004
Pharmacotherapy Specialist, Board Certified (BCPS), 2003
Registered Pharmacist, California State Board of Pharmacy, 1998

Biography

Conan MacDougall, PharmD, MAS, BCPS, BCIDP is Associate Dean for Integrated Core Curriculum and Professor of Clinical Pharmacy in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. MacDougall teaches pharmacy, medical, and nursing trainees at UCSF, for which he has twice received the Academic Senate Campus Award for Distinction in Teaching. A member of the School of Medicine’s Academy of Medical Educators, he has been recognized as an Emerging Teaching Scholar by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy and received the Albert B. Prescott Pharmacy Leadership Award from the Pharmacy Leadership & Education Institute.

Dr. MacDougall provides clinical service to the Infectious Diseases Consult Service at UCSF Medical Center. His research interests include new approaches for interactive learning around appropriate antimicrobial use and the pharmacoepidemiology of antimicrobial use in hospitals. He is co-author of Antibiotics Simplified, Antimicrobial Section Editor for Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, and a chapter author in Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Poisoning and Drug Overdose, and Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases.

Dr. MacDougall's original research and reviews have been published in Clinical Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Archives of Internal Medicine, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, and Pharmacotherapy. He currently serves as Chair of the Specialty Council on Infectious Diseases for the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties and is an active member of the Medical Education Community of Practice of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Research keywords

  • antimicrobial therapy
  • interprofessional education
  • pharmacy education
  • digital learning
  • antimicrobial stewardship
  • Schools, Pharmacy
  • Students, Pharmacy
  • Pharmacology, Clinical
  • Education, Pharmacy
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Veterans Health
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Drug Utilization
  • Rifamycins
  • pharmacy
  • curriculum
  • Problem-Based Learning
  • pharmacy residencies
  • Communicable Diseases
1. Update from the Dean: Ongoing excellence and new frontiers
2. A new era for science and practice at UCSF
3. Two PharmD classes celebrate Commencement 2021
4. PharmD Class of 2020 formally celebrates graduation
5. Annual Teaching Awards for 2019-2020
6. Student-taught education finds its footing in PharmD curriculum
7. UCSF PharmD Class of 2020 celebrates an end and welcomes a new beginning
8. Update from the Dean – November 2019
9. Update from the Dean – May 2019
10. MacDougall named Divine Family Endowed Chair in Clinical Pharmacy
11. Update from the Dean – July 2018
12. MacDougall to receive teaching award
13. Troy C. Daniels Awards support curricular transformations
14. MacDougall study finds severe sepsis alert speeds drug delivery
15. Update from the Dean - Fall/Winter 2015
16. MacDougall named to Academy of Medical Educators
17. MacDougall honored for pharmacy leadership at APhA annual meeting
18. Update from the Dean - Fall/Winter 2012
19. Update from the Dean - Spring/Summer 2009
20. MacDougall selected for Distinction in Teaching Award
21. Update from the Dean - July 2002
22. About Claire Lee, and more news
23. Parfitt Pattie appointed director of development, and more news
1. Academic Senate Award for Distinction in Teaching, UCSF, 2024
2. Vincent Pons Award for Clinical Infectious Diseases Education, UCSF School of Medicine, 2019
3. Emerging Teaching Scholar Award, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 2018
4. Albert B. Prescott Pharmacy Leadership Award, Pharmacy Leadership & Education Institute, 2012
5. Long Prize for Excellence in Teaching, UCSF School of Pharmacy, 2012
6. Long Prize for Excellence in Teaching, UCSF School of Pharmacy, 2011
7. Academic Senate Award for Distinction in Teaching, UCSF, 2009
8. Long Prize for Excellence in Teaching, UCSF School of Pharmacy, 2008
9. Long Prize for Excellence in Teaching, UCSF School of Pharmacy, 2007
10. Long Award for Excellence in Teaching, UCSF School of Pharmacy, 2006-2018

Publications

Kufel WD, MacDougall C, Aitken SL, Dzintars K, Davis MR, Mahoney MV, Gallagher JC. Antimicrobial Stewardship and Beyond: The Many Essential Roles of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 22.
MacDougall C, Jeffres M. Bugs and drugs - what do pharmacists need to know and what's the best way to learn it? Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2025 Feb 10; 82(4):235-239.
Kufel WD, MacDougall C, Covington EW, Gallagher JC, Seabury RW, Steele JM. Reply: "Continuing the Chat: How Can We Improve the Performance of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot in Answering Clinical Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy Questions?" Open Forum Infect Dis. 2025 Feb; 12(2):ofaf074.
Shields RK, Abbo LM, Ackley R, Aitken SL, Albrecht B, Babiker A, Burgoon R, Cifuentes R, Claeys KC, Curry BN, DeSear KE, Gallagher JC, Golnabi EY, Gross AE, Hand J, Heil EL, Hornback KM, Kaye KS, Khuu TV, Klatt ME, Kline EG, Kubat RC, Kufel WD, Lee JH, Lepak AJ, Lim A, Ludwig JM, Macdougall C, Majumdar A, Mathers AJ, McCreary EK, Miller WR, Monogue ML, Moore WJ, Olson S, Oxer J, Pearson JC, Pham C, Pinargote P, Polk C, Satlin MJ, Satola SW, Shah S, Tamma PD, Tran TT, van Duin D, VanNatta M, Vega A, Venugopalan V, Veve MP, Wangchinda W, Witt LS, Wu JY, Pogue JM, PRECEDENT Network. Effectiveness of ceftazidime-avibactam versus ceftolozane-tazobactam for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the USA (CACTUS): a multicentre, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Dec 16.
Kufel WD, Hanrahan KD, Seabury RW, Parsels KA, Gallagher JC, MacDougall C, Covington EW, Chahine EB, Britt RS, Steele JM. Let's Have a Chat: How Well Does an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Answer Clinical Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy Questions? Open Forum Infect Dis. 2024 Nov; 11(11):ofae641.
MacDougall C. A Cloudy Crystal Ball: Critically Assessing and Rethinking the Antibiogram. Clin Infect Dis. 2023 11 30; 77(11):1501-1503.
Hsia SL, Gruenberg K, Nguyen J, La A, MacDougall C. Student Performance Outcomes and Perceptions in Two Content Areas in Conventional Versus Integrated Pharmacy Curricula. Am J Pharm Educ. 2023 04; 87(4):ajpe9164.
Trinh AM, Vu TT, Gruenberg K, MacDougall C. Changes in Pharmacy Students' Self-Reported Learning Strategies Across a Four-Year Doctor of Pharmacy Program. Am J Pharm Educ. 2023 04; 87(3):ajpe8991.
Gruenberg K, Brock T, MacDougall C. Longitudinal study of grit among pharmacy students: Impact of cohort and professional year. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2022 07; 14(7):835-839.
Spicer JO, Armstrong WS, Schwartz BS, Abbo LM, Advani SD, Barsoumian AE, Beeler C, Bennani K, Holubar M, Huang M, Ince D, Justo JA, Lee MSL, Logan A, MacDougall C, Nori P, Ohl C, Patel PK, Pottinger PS, Shnekendorf R, Stack C, Van Schooneveld TC, Willis ZI, Zhou Y, Luther VP. Evaluation of the Infectious Diseases Society of America's Core Antimicrobial Stewardship Curriculum for Infectious Diseases Fellows. Clin Infect Dis. 2022 03 23; 74(6):965-972.
MacDougall C, Canonica T, Keh C, P Phan BA, Louie J. Systematic review of drug-drug interactions between rifamycins and anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents and considerations for management. Pharmacotherapy. 2022 04; 42(4):343-361.
Luther VP, Shnekendorf R, Logan A, Advani SD, Barsoumian AE, Beeler C, Bennani K, Cherabuddi K, Holubar M, Huang M, Ince D, Justo JA, Lee MSL, MacDougall C, Nori P, Ohl CA, Patel PK, Pottinger PS, Spicer JO, Stack C, Van Schooneveld TC, Willis ZI. Investing in the Future: A Role for Professional Societies to Prepare the Next Generation of Healthcare Leaders Through Curriculum Development and Dissemination. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 09 07; 73(5):911-918.
Gruenberg K, Brock T, Garcia J, MacDougall C. A Randomized, Crossover Pilot Study of a Novel Web-Based/Mobile Platform for Collaborative Small Group Practice in Therapeutic Reasoning. J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2020 Jan-Dec; 7:2382120520977189.
Jeffres MN, Kufel WD, Biehle LR, Cho JC, Narayanan N, Gruenberg K, Garcia J, MacDougall C. A Comprehensive Survey of Infectious Diseases Curriculum Among US Pharmacy Schools. Am J Pharm Educ. 2019 11; 83(9):7168.
Ho S, Nguyen L, Trinh T, MacDougall C. Recognizing and Overcoming Resistance to New Beta-Lactam/Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2019 Sep 09; 21(10):39.
Gruenberg K, Brock T, MacDougall C. Longitudinal Associations Between Grit, Academic Outcomes, and Residency Match Rates Among Pharmacy Students. Am J Pharm Educ. 2019 08; 83(6):6947.
Jeffres MN, Biehle LR, MacDougall C. Comprehensive Assessment of Didactic Curriculum and Career Interest in Infectious Diseases Among Graduating United States Pharmacy Students. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 Nov; 5(11):ofy284.
Kufel WD, Jeffres MN, MacDougall C, Cho JC, Marx AH, Williams DM. Antimicrobial stewardship education in US colleges and schools of pharmacy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018 08 01; 73(8):2252-2258.
Gallagher JC, Justo JA, Chahine EB, Bookstaver PB, Scheetz M, Suda KJ, Fehrenbacher L, Klinker KP, MacDougall C. Preventing the Post-Antibiotic Era by Training Future Pharmacists as Antimicrobial Stewards. Am J Pharm Educ. 2018 08; 82(6):6770.
Nguyen L, Garcia J, Gruenberg K, MacDougall C. Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Infections: Hard to Treat, But Hope on the Horizon? Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2018 Jun 06; 20(8):23.
Gruenberg K, Apollonio D, MacDougall C, Brock T. Sustainable Pharmacy: Piloting a Session on Pharmaceuticals, Climate Change, and Sustainability within a U.S. Pharmacy Curriculum. Innov Pharm. 2017; 8(4).
MacDougall C, Brock T. Response to Mok and Romanelli: Identifying Best Practices for and Utilities of the Pharmacy Curriculum Outcome Assessment Examination. Am J Pharm Educ. 2017 08; 81(6):120.
MacDougall C. A Novel Teaching Tool Combined With Active-Learning to Teach Antimicrobial Spectrum Activity. Am J Pharm Educ. 2017 Mar 25; 81(2):25.
MacDougall C, Schwartz BS, Kim L, Nanamori M, Shekarchian S, Chin-Hong PV. An Interprofessional Curriculum on Antimicrobial Stewardship Improves Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Appropriate Antimicrobial Use and Collaboration. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2017; 4(1):ofw225.
Barlam TF, Cosgrove SE, Abbo LM, MacDougall C, Schuetz AN, Septimus EJ, Srinivasan A, Dellit TH, Falck-Ytter YT, Fishman NO, Hamilton CW, Jenkins TC, Lipsett PA, Malani PN, May LS, Moran GJ, Neuhauser MM, Newland JG, Ohl CA, Samore MH, Seo SK, Trivedi KK. Executive Summary: Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 05 15; 62(10):1197-1202.
Barlam TF, Cosgrove SE, Abbo LM, MacDougall C, Schuetz AN, Septimus EJ, Srinivasan A, Dellit TH, Falck-Ytter YT, Fishman NO, Hamilton CW, Jenkins TC, Lipsett PA, Malani PN, May LS, Moran GJ, Neuhauser MM, Newland JG, Ohl CA, Samore MH, Seo SK, Trivedi KK. Implementing an Antibiotic Stewardship Program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 05 15; 62(10):e51-77.
Narayanan N, Johnson L, MacDougall C. Beyond Susceptible and Resistant, Part III: Treatment of Infections due to Gram-Negative Organisms Producing Carbapenemases. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Mar-Apr; 21(2):110-9.
Narayanan N, Gross AK, Pintens M, Fee C, MacDougall C. Effect of an electronic medical record alert for severe sepsis among ED patients. Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Feb; 34(2):185-8.
Justo JA, Gauthier TP, Scheetz MH, Chahine EB, Bookstaver PB, Gallagher JC, Hermsen ED, DePestel DD, Ernst EJ, Jacobs DM, Esterly JS, Suda KJ, Olsen KM, Abbo LM, MacDougall C. Knowledge and attitudes of doctor of pharmacy students regarding the appropriate use of antimicrobials. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Oct 15; 59 Suppl 3:S162-9.
Curello J, MacDougall C. Beyond Susceptible and Resistant, Part II: Treatment of Infections Due to Gram-Negative Organisms Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Jul; 19(3):156-64.
MacDougall C. The nonpharmacologic basis of therapeutics: to get to the next level in interprofessional patient care, pharmacists need to recognize the social and interpersonal aspects of medical decision making. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2012 Jul-Aug; 52(4):454-6.
Ferrara JJ, MacDougall C, Gallagher JC. Empiric antifungal therapy in patients with febrile neutropenia. Pharmacotherapy. 2011 Apr; 31(4):369-85.
Macdougall C. Beyond Susceptible and Resistant, Part I: Treatment of Infections Due to Gram-Negative Organisms With Inducible β-Lactamases. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan; 16(1):23-30.
Macdougall C, Udkow T, Guglielmo BJ, Vittinghoff E, Martin J. National estimates and predictors of prescription medication sample use in the United States, 1999-2005. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2010 Nov-Dec; 50(6):677-85.
Kim-Katz SY, Anderson IB, Kearney TE, MacDougall C, Hudmon KS, Blanc PD. Topical antacid therapy for capsaicin-induced dermal pain: a poison center telephone-directed study. Am J Emerg Med. 2010 Jun; 28(5):596-602.
Rafie S, MacDougall C, James CL. Cethromycin: a promising new ketolide antibiotic for respiratory infections. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Mar; 30(3):290-303.
Gallagher JC, Perez ME, Marino EA, LoCastro LG, Abrardo LA, MacDougall C. Daptomycin therapy for vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia: a retrospective case series of 30 patients. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Jul; 29(7):792-9.
Drew RH, White R, MacDougall C, Hermsen ED, Owens RC, Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Insights from the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists on antimicrobial stewardship guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 May; 29(5):593-607.
Pakyz AL, MacDougall C, Oinonen M, Polk RE. Trends in antibacterial use in US academic health centers: 2002 to 2006. Arch Intern Med. 2008 Nov 10; 168(20):2254-60.
MacDougall C, Polk RE. Variability in rates of use of antibacterials among 130 US hospitals and risk-adjustment models for interhospital comparison. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008 Mar; 29(3):203-11.
Loffler CA, Macdougall C. Update on prevalence and treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2007 Dec; 5(6):961-81.
Robinson CA, Cocohoba J, MacDougall C, John MD, Guglielmo BJ. Discordance between ambulatory care clinic and community pharmacy medication databases for HIV-positive patients. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2007 Sep-Oct; 47(5):613-5.
Polk RE, Fox C, Mahoney A, Letcavage J, MacDougall C. Measurement of adult antibacterial drug use in 130 US hospitals: comparison of defined daily dose and days of therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Mar 01; 44(5):664-70.
Phillips S, MacDougall C, Holdford DA. Analysis of empiric antimicrobial strategies for cellulitis in the era of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Jan; 41(1):13-20.
Bryner JK, Wang UK, Hui JW, Bedodo M, MacDougall C, Anderson IB. Dextromethorphan abuse in adolescence: an increasing trend: 1999-2004. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006 Dec; 160(12):1217-22.
MacDougall C, Polk RE. Antimicrobial stewardship programs in health care systems. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005 Oct; 18(4):638-56.
MacDougall C, Harpe SE, Powell JP, Johnson CK, Edmond MB, Polk RE. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and fluoroquinolone use. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Aug; 11(8):1197-204.
MacDougall C, Powell JP, Johnson CK, Edmond MB, Polk RE. Hospital and community fluoroquinolone use and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in 17 US hospitals. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Aug 15; 41(4):435-40.
MacDougall C, Guglielmo BJ, Maselli J, Gonzales R. Antimicrobial drug prescribing for pneumonia in ambulatory care. Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Mar; 11(3):380-4.
MacDougall C, Guglielmo BJ. Pharmacokinetics of valaciclovir. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Jun; 53(6):899-901.
Gallagher JC, MacDougall C, Ashley ES, Perfect JR. Recent advances in antifungal pharmacotherapy for invasive fungal infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2004 Apr; 2(2):253-68.